Improvement in machines for rolling and forging metals



S. 'VANSTONE.

Machine for RoHing and Forging Metals.

Patented Jan 1 6.' 1863.

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v UNITED STATES 3 PATENT @rrrcn.

SAMUEL VANSTONE, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR ROLLING AND FORGING METALS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 37,368, dated January 6, 1863.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL VANsToNE, of Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and improved machine for rollingand forging metals, which is applicable for rolling from plate-iron car or driving wheels for railroads, or'any simple or compound flanged wheel for pulleys, frictional gearing, also for forming the flanges of boiler heads, and for rolling and forging wrought-iron and steel cannons; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a plan of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation and section of the same through the line A A, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of a portion of the device which holds the metal while it is being operated upon. Fig. 4 is a representation of a wrought-iron car-wheel as made by rolling and forging in my machine. Fig. 5 is a transverse section through the line b b, Fig. 4, showing the manner in which the hub g is welded to the plate of the wheel. Fig. 6 is a representation of the said car-wheel without the hub g, as it comes from the machine. Fig. 7 is a plan of a similar arrangement of conical rollers for rolling and forging cannons.

1 Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

My invention consists in a certain arrangement of two shaping-rollers and a rolling rest or anvil-roller, with a suitable device for holding the metal while it is being rolled, and, in combination. with such arrangement of rollers, a suitable hammer for welding and shaping the flange or part of the metal which is being rolled, so that thelmetal may be rolled and hammered at the same time; also, in the peculiar device employed for holding the metal plate while a flange is being formed at its periphery.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed -to describe the same.

In Figs. 1 and 2 of the annexed drawings, B B are the shaping-rollers, and D is the roller-rest or anvil-roller, each revolving in suitable bearings theboxes e e c in the frame 0, as shown, which, as they do not differ from the bearings ordinarilyused for such purposes,

need not be more particularly described. The rollers, as represented, are designed for rolling car-wheels for railroads from plate-iron, andit will be seen that the form of the face and inside flange, t, of this description of wheels is wrought in each shaping-roller B B, in connection with which I make use of two independently-revolvin g disks, J J, between which the metal plate cut in a circular form is held while it is being operated upon by the shaping-rollers. These disks J for this purpose are formed and arranged as shown in Fig. 3, the disk itself revolving upon the center-pin a, which fastens it to the mandrel h, and this mandrel is made to slide endwise without turning in the box m in the frame, Fig. 1, by means of the screwi, operated by the hand-wheel f. The projection V, formed upon said box, entering a spline or groove, j, formed in one side of the said in andrel, prevents the l atter from turning in the said box m. From the center of the face of one of these disks J there projects a circular hub or boss, at, Fig. 1, which enters a round hole, 0, Fig. 6, in the center of the wheelplate, and thus serves to center the wheel. The two clampingdisks J J are arranged in connection with the rollers B B as shown in Fig. 1, and each being furnished with a handwheel and screw, both are set up against the circular plate, which is inserted between them when properly heated, and by revolving the rollers (in the direction indicated by the arrows) by means of the gears I I I and the pulley F, the periphery of the heated iron plate is turned over and rolled intothe form shown, the rollers and disks beingpressed closer and closer together, as the rolling proceeds, by means of the screw is, operated by the hand-wheel E, and exerting its force through the medium of the yoke L, against the two boxes 0 e of the roller B, which forces the said roller against the heated'revolving plate, thereby forcing its opposite surface against the other shaping-roller, B, until the desired size and form of the face and flange of the wheel are attained, the boxes 0 e and m m of the roller Band the disks J J being arranged to slide in the frame a for this purpose. The rolling rest or anvil-roller D, it will be seen, is simply a plain roller arranged directly be neath the center of the disks J J, in which position it serves to support the weight of the metal plate during the operation of rolling to keep the same in position and to relieve the shaping-rollers, to a certain extent, of the strain which would otherwise come upon them, and thereby interfere with their working properly, wedges R or screws being arranged in connection with the said roller D, as shown in Fig. 2, for the purpose of raising or depressing the same, as may be found necessary for properly sustaining the rolling plate and the force and strain exerted thereupon during the operation.

For the purpose of facilitating the operation of forming the flange upon the wheel and to weld or unite the fibers of the iron more firmly and compactly, I make use of a hammer, E, Fig. 2, either arranged as a tilt-hammer, as shown, or otherwise, to hammer the surface of the iron while it is being rolled, the advantage being that the metal is wrought into the shape required more readily and the rollers are relieved of the rougher share of the work by the assisting blows of the hammer. Besides this, the fibers are prevented from cleaving off and splitting, which is common in the operation of rolling, and instead they are hammered or welded under the hammer to a firm and sound mass and a smooth surface.

By means of the hammer operating in combination with thesaid rollers, or those similarly arranged, I am enabled to form the face of car and other railroad wheels of steel wire coiled in a mass or surface upon an iron flanged wheel, and welded solidly thereupon by hammering and rolling, thereby producing an iron wheel shod with a face of steel, which, it will at once be seen, must be very durable.

When the hammer is not in use, it may be lifted up out of the way by means of pulleys overhead, and by means of a suitable rod, 1, attached to the helve N, as shown, it may be shoved one side, out of the way, while insert-in g the red-hot plate between the disks J, or removing the same after the operation is completed.

In the drawings, T represents the tiltingcam upon the shaft P, which is revolved by means of a belt running upon a suitable pulley thereon, (represented by the wheel M.) Beneath the end of the helve N it may be well to arrange a sliding piece, 0, provided with a bufi'er of india-rubber, that the end of the said helve coming in contact therewith may add to the force of the blow struck by the hammer.

It will be seen that of necessity the hub g of the wheel is formed in a separate piece, Fig. 5. Such being the case, the said hub may be firmly and solidly united to the plate y of the wheel, by inserting the hub in the round hole a, and with a loose collar, u, surrounding the hub upon one side of the plate y, after which the united parts are heated to a welding-heat, and all swaged solidly together, the straight part of the hub, which was put through the 1 hole 0, being bulged out to conform with the shape of the other end of the hub, as shown by lines represcntingthe fiber of the metal thus displaced. This being one method of uniting the hub to the plate of the wheel, it is obvious that there are other, and perhapsbetter,ways of doing the same thing, which will readily suggest themselves, and need not therefore be herein specified. Such modification of the form of the rollers B B, and the disks J J, as may be required for rolling and the rolling metal by passing it beneath the hammer endwise to and fro while it is being rolled, the anvil-roller D sustaining the force of the successive blows.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

1. The combination and arrangement, as set forth, of the two shaping-rollers B B and the rollingrest or anvil-roller D, in connection with a suitable device for holding the metal while it is being rolled, substantially as herein shown and described, for the purpose specified.

2. In combination with such arrangement of rollers, a suitable hammer for welding and assisting in shaping that portion of themetal which is being rolled, so that the metal may be rolled and hammered at the same time, substantially as herein specified.

3. The construction and arrangement'of the clamping-disks J J, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

SAMUEL VANSTONE. Witnesses:

ISAAC A. BROWNELL, FRANors CoLw LL, Jr. 

